network integration

Model of technology push accords with the thinking habit of causality; model of need pull emphasizes the market guidance for innovation; interactive model combines both models of the above; integrated model represents the change of innovation model; the systems integration and networking model reflects the modern rapid evolution of innovation practice.

技术推动模式符合人的因果思维习惯 ;需求拉动模式强调了创新的市场导向 ;相互作用模式把技术推动与市场拉动结合起来考察 ;整合模式代表着创新范式的转变 ;不同职能部门在创新活动中从各自的角度同时参与知识与信息的生产 ,系统整合与网络模式反映了创新实践在现代的迅速演